1       SUBROUTINE DLARUV( ISEED, N, X )
  2 *
  3 *  -- LAPACK auxiliary routine (version 3.2) --
  4 *  -- LAPACK is a software package provided by Univ. of Tennessee,    --
  5 *  -- Univ. of California Berkeley, Univ. of Colorado Denver and NAG Ltd..--
  6 *     November 2006
  7 *
  8 *     .. Scalar Arguments ..
  9       INTEGER            N
 10 *     ..
 11 *     .. Array Arguments ..
 12       INTEGER            ISEED( 4 )
 13       DOUBLE PRECISION   X( N )
 14 *     ..
 15 *
 16 *  Purpose
 17 *  =======
 18 *
 19 *  DLARUV returns a vector of n random real numbers from a uniform (0,1)
 20 *  distribution (n <= 128).
 21 *
 22 *  This is an auxiliary routine called by DLARNV and ZLARNV.
 23 *
 24 *  Arguments
 25 *  =========
 26 *
 27 *  ISEED   (input/output) INTEGER array, dimension (4)
 28 *          On entry, the seed of the random number generator; the array
 29 *          elements must be between 0 and 4095, and ISEED(4) must be
 30 *          odd.
 31 *          On exit, the seed is updated.
 32 *
 33 *  N       (input) INTEGER
 34 *          The number of random numbers to be generated. N <= 128.
 35 *
 36 *  X       (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N)
 37 *          The generated random numbers.
 38 *
 39 *  Further Details
 40 *  ===============
 41 *
 42 *  This routine uses a multiplicative congruential method with modulus
 43 *  2**48 and multiplier 33952834046453 (see G.S.Fishman,
 44 *  'Multiplicative congruential random number generators with modulus
 45 *  2**b: an exhaustive analysis for b = 32 and a partial analysis for
 46 *  b = 48', Math. Comp. 189, pp 331-344, 1990).
 47 *
 48 *  48-bit integers are stored in 4 integer array elements with 12 bits
 49 *  per element. Hence the routine is portable across machines with
 50 *  integers of 32 bits or more.
 51 *
 52 *  =====================================================================
 53 *
 54 *     .. Parameters ..
 55       DOUBLE PRECISION   ONE
 56       PARAMETER          ( ONE = 1.0D0 )
 57       INTEGER            LV, IPW2
 58       DOUBLE PRECISION   R
 59       PARAMETER          ( LV = 128, IPW2 = 4096, R = ONE / IPW2 )
 60 *     ..
 61 *     .. Local Scalars ..
 62       INTEGER            I, I1, I2, I3, I4, IT1, IT2, IT3, IT4, J
 63 *     ..
 64 *     .. Local Arrays ..
 65       INTEGER            MM( LV, 4 )
 66 *     ..
 67 *     .. Intrinsic Functions ..
 68       INTRINSIC          DBLE, MIN, MOD
 69 *     ..
 70 *     .. Data statements ..
 71       DATA               ( MM( 1, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 494, 322, 2508,
 72      $                   2549 /
 73       DATA               ( MM( 2, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2637, 789, 3754,
 74      $                   1145 /
 75       DATA               ( MM( 3, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 255, 1440, 1766,
 76      $                   2253 /
 77       DATA               ( MM( 4, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2008, 752, 3572,
 78      $                   305 /
 79       DATA               ( MM( 5, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1253, 2859, 2893,
 80      $                   3301 /
 81       DATA               ( MM( 6, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3344, 123, 307,
 82      $                   1065 /
 83       DATA               ( MM( 7, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 4084, 1848, 1297,
 84      $                   3133 /
 85       DATA               ( MM( 8, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1739, 643, 3966,
 86      $                   2913 /
 87       DATA               ( MM( 9, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3143, 2405, 758,
 88      $                   3285 /
 89       DATA               ( MM( 10, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3468, 2638, 2598,
 90      $                   1241 /
 91       DATA               ( MM( 11, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 688, 2344, 3406,
 92      $                   1197 /
 93       DATA               ( MM( 12, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1657, 46, 2922,
 94      $                   3729 /
 95       DATA               ( MM( 13, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1238, 3814, 1038,
 96      $                   2501 /
 97       DATA               ( MM( 14, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3166, 913, 2934,
 98      $                   1673 /
 99       DATA               ( MM( 15, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1292, 3649, 2091,
100      $                   541 /
101       DATA               ( MM( 16, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3422, 339, 2451,
102      $                   2753 /
103       DATA               ( MM( 17, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1270, 3808, 1580,
104      $                   949 /
105       DATA               ( MM( 18, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2016, 822, 1958,
106      $                   2361 /
107       DATA               ( MM( 19, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 154, 2832, 2055,
108      $                   1165 /
109       DATA               ( MM( 20, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2862, 3078, 1507,
110      $                   4081 /
111       DATA               ( MM( 21, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 697, 3633, 1078,
112      $                   2725 /
113       DATA               ( MM( 22, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1706, 2970, 3273,
114      $                   3305 /
115       DATA               ( MM( 23, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 491, 637, 17,
116      $                   3069 /
117       DATA               ( MM( 24, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 931, 2249, 854,
118      $                   3617 /
119       DATA               ( MM( 25, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1444, 2081, 2916,
120      $                   3733 /
121       DATA               ( MM( 26, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 444, 4019, 3971,
122      $                   409 /
123       DATA               ( MM( 27, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3577, 1478, 2889,
124      $                   2157 /
125       DATA               ( MM( 28, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3944, 242, 3831,
126      $                   1361 /
127       DATA               ( MM( 29, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2184, 481, 2621,
128      $                   3973 /
129       DATA               ( MM( 30, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1661, 2075, 1541,
130      $                   1865 /
131       DATA               ( MM( 31, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3482, 4058, 893,
132      $                   2525 /
133       DATA               ( MM( 32, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 657, 622, 736,
134      $                   1409 /
135       DATA               ( MM( 33, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3023, 3376, 3992,
136      $                   3445 /
137       DATA               ( MM( 34, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3618, 812, 787,
138      $                   3577 /
139       DATA               ( MM( 35, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1267, 234, 2125,
140      $                   77 /
141       DATA               ( MM( 36, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1828, 641, 2364,
142      $                   3761 /
143       DATA               ( MM( 37, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 164, 4005, 2460,
144      $                   2149 /
145       DATA               ( MM( 38, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3798, 1122, 257,
146      $                   1449 /
147       DATA               ( MM( 39, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3087, 3135, 1574,
148      $                   3005 /
149       DATA               ( MM( 40, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2400, 2640, 3912,
150      $                   225 /
151       DATA               ( MM( 41, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2870, 2302, 1216,
152      $                   85 /
153       DATA               ( MM( 42, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3876, 40, 3248,
154      $                   3673 /
155       DATA               ( MM( 43, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1905, 1832, 3401,
156      $                   3117 /
157       DATA               ( MM( 44, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1593, 2247, 2124,
158      $                   3089 /
159       DATA               ( MM( 45, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1797, 2034, 2762,
160      $                   1349 /
161       DATA               ( MM( 46, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1234, 2637, 149,
162      $                   2057 /
163       DATA               ( MM( 47, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3460, 1287, 2245,
164      $                   413 /
165       DATA               ( MM( 48, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 328, 1691, 166,
166      $                   65 /
167       DATA               ( MM( 49, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2861, 496, 466,
168      $                   1845 /
169       DATA               ( MM( 50, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1950, 1597, 4018,
170      $                   697 /
171       DATA               ( MM( 51, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 617, 2394, 1399,
172      $                   3085 /
173       DATA               ( MM( 52, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2070, 2584, 190,
174      $                   3441 /
175       DATA               ( MM( 53, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3331, 1843, 2879,
176      $                   1573 /
177       DATA               ( MM( 54, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 769, 336, 153,
178      $                   3689 /
179       DATA               ( MM( 55, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1558, 1472, 2320,
180      $                   2941 /
181       DATA               ( MM( 56, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2412, 2407, 18,
182      $                   929 /
183       DATA               ( MM( 57, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2800, 433, 712,
184      $                   533 /
185       DATA               ( MM( 58, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 189, 2096, 2159,
186      $                   2841 /
187       DATA               ( MM( 59, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 287, 1761, 2318,
188      $                   4077 /
189       DATA               ( MM( 60, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2045, 2810, 2091,
190      $                   721 /
191       DATA               ( MM( 61, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1227, 566, 3443,
192      $                   2821 /
193       DATA               ( MM( 62, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2838, 442, 1510,
194      $                   2249 /
195       DATA               ( MM( 63, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 209, 41, 449,
196      $                   2397 /
197       DATA               ( MM( 64, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2770, 1238, 1956,
198      $                   2817 /
199       DATA               ( MM( 65, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3654, 1086, 2201,
200      $                   245 /
201       DATA               ( MM( 66, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3993, 603, 3137,
202      $                   1913 /
203       DATA               ( MM( 67, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 192, 840, 3399,
204      $                   1997 /
205       DATA               ( MM( 68, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2253, 3168, 1321,
206      $                   3121 /
207       DATA               ( MM( 69, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3491, 1499, 2271,
208      $                   997 /
209       DATA               ( MM( 70, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2889, 1084, 3667,
210      $                   1833 /
211       DATA               ( MM( 71, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2857, 3438, 2703,
212      $                   2877 /
213       DATA               ( MM( 72, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2094, 2408, 629,
214      $                   1633 /
215       DATA               ( MM( 73, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1818, 1589, 2365,
216      $                   981 /
217       DATA               ( MM( 74, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 688, 2391, 2431,
218      $                   2009 /
219       DATA               ( MM( 75, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1407, 288, 1113,
220      $                   941 /
221       DATA               ( MM( 76, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 634, 26, 3922,
222      $                   2449 /
223       DATA               ( MM( 77, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3231, 512, 2554,
224      $                   197 /
225       DATA               ( MM( 78, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 815, 1456, 184,
226      $                   2441 /
227       DATA               ( MM( 79, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3524, 171, 2099,
228      $                   285 /
229       DATA               ( MM( 80, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1914, 1677, 3228,
230      $                   1473 /
231       DATA               ( MM( 81, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 516, 2657, 4012,
232      $                   2741 /
233       DATA               ( MM( 82, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 164, 2270, 1921,
234      $                   3129 /
235       DATA               ( MM( 83, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 303, 2587, 3452,
236      $                   909 /
237       DATA               ( MM( 84, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2144, 2961, 3901,
238      $                   2801 /
239       DATA               ( MM( 85, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3480, 1970, 572,
240      $                   421 /
241       DATA               ( MM( 86, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 119, 1817, 3309,
242      $                   4073 /
243       DATA               ( MM( 87, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3357, 676, 3171,
244      $                   2813 /
245       DATA               ( MM( 88, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 837, 1410, 817,
246      $                   2337 /
247       DATA               ( MM( 89, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2826, 3723, 3039,
248      $                   1429 /
249       DATA               ( MM( 90, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2332, 2803, 1696,
250      $                   1177 /
251       DATA               ( MM( 91, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2089, 3185, 1256,
252      $                   1901 /
253       DATA               ( MM( 92, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3780, 184, 3715,
254      $                   81 /
255       DATA               ( MM( 93, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1700, 663, 2077,
256      $                   1669 /
257       DATA               ( MM( 94, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3712, 499, 3019,
258      $                   2633 /
259       DATA               ( MM( 95, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 150, 3784, 1497,
260      $                   2269 /
261       DATA               ( MM( 96, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2000, 1631, 1101,
262      $                   129 /
263       DATA               ( MM( 97, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3375, 1925, 717,
264      $                   1141 /
265       DATA               ( MM( 98, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1621, 3912, 51,
266      $                   249 /
267       DATA               ( MM( 99, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3090, 1398, 981,
268      $                   3917 /
269       DATA               ( MM( 100, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3765, 1349, 1978,
270      $                   2481 /
271       DATA               ( MM( 101, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1149, 1441, 1813,
272      $                   3941 /
273       DATA               ( MM( 102, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3146, 2224, 3881,
274      $                   2217 /
275       DATA               ( MM( 103, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 33, 2411, 76,
276      $                   2749 /
277       DATA               ( MM( 104, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3082, 1907, 3846,
278      $                   3041 /
279       DATA               ( MM( 105, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2741, 3192, 3694,
280      $                   1877 /
281       DATA               ( MM( 106, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 359, 2786, 1682,
282      $                   345 /
283       DATA               ( MM( 107, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3316, 382, 124,
284      $                   2861 /
285       DATA               ( MM( 108, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1749, 37, 1660,
286      $                   1809 /
287       DATA               ( MM( 109, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 185, 759, 3997,
288      $                   3141 /
289       DATA               ( MM( 110, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2784, 2948, 479,
290      $                   2825 /
291       DATA               ( MM( 111, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2202, 1862, 1141,
292      $                   157 /
293       DATA               ( MM( 112, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2199, 3802, 886,
294      $                   2881 /
295       DATA               ( MM( 113, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1364, 2423, 3514,
296      $                   3637 /
297       DATA               ( MM( 114, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1244, 2051, 1301,
298      $                   1465 /
299       DATA               ( MM( 115, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2020, 2295, 3604,
300      $                   2829 /
301       DATA               ( MM( 116, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3160, 1332, 1888,
302      $                   2161 /
303       DATA               ( MM( 117, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2785, 1832, 1836,
304      $                   3365 /
305       DATA               ( MM( 118, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2772, 2405, 1990,
306      $                   361 /
307       DATA               ( MM( 119, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1217, 3638, 2058,
308      $                   2685 /
309       DATA               ( MM( 120, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1822, 3661, 692,
310      $                   3745 /
311       DATA               ( MM( 121, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1245, 327, 1194,
312      $                   2325 /
313       DATA               ( MM( 122, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2252, 3660, 20,
314      $                   3609 /
315       DATA               ( MM( 123, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 3904, 716, 3285,
316      $                   3821 /
317       DATA               ( MM( 124, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2774, 1842, 2046,
318      $                   3537 /
319       DATA               ( MM( 125, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 997, 3987, 2107,
320      $                   517 /
321       DATA               ( MM( 126, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 2573, 1368, 3508,
322      $                   3017 /
323       DATA               ( MM( 127, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 1148, 1848, 3525,
324      $                   2141 /
325       DATA               ( MM( 128, J ), J = 1, 4 ) / 545, 2366, 3801,
326      $                   1537 /
327 *     ..
328 *     .. Executable Statements ..
329 *
330       I1 = ISEED( 1 )
331       I2 = ISEED( 2 )
332       I3 = ISEED( 3 )
333       I4 = ISEED( 4 )
334 *
335       DO 10 I = 1, MIN( N, LV )
336 *     
337   20     CONTINUE
338 *
339 *        Multiply the seed by i-th power of the multiplier modulo 2**48
340 *
341          IT4 = I4*MM( I, 4 )
342          IT3 = IT4 / IPW2
343          IT4 = IT4 - IPW2*IT3
344          IT3 = IT3 + I3*MM( I, 4 ) + I4*MM( I, 3 )
345          IT2 = IT3 / IPW2
346          IT3 = IT3 - IPW2*IT2
347          IT2 = IT2 + I2*MM( I, 4 ) + I3*MM( I, 3 ) + I4*MM( I, 2 )
348          IT1 = IT2 / IPW2
349          IT2 = IT2 - IPW2*IT1
350          IT1 = IT1 + I1*MM( I, 4 ) + I2*MM( I, 3 ) + I3*MM( I, 2 ) +
351      $         I4*MM( I, 1 )
352          IT1 = MOD( IT1, IPW2 )
353 *
354 *        Convert 48-bit integer to a real number in the interval (0,1)
355 *
356          X( I ) = R*( DBLE( IT1 )+R*( DBLE( IT2 )+R*( DBLE( IT3 )+R*
357      $            DBLE( IT4 ) ) ) )
358 *
359          IF (X( I ).EQ.1.0D0) THEN
360 *           If a real number has n bits of precision, and the first
361 *           n bits of the 48-bit integer above happen to be all 1 (which
362 *           will occur about once every 2**n calls), then X( I ) will
363 *           be rounded to exactly 1.0. 
364 *           Since X( I ) is not supposed to return exactly 0.0 or 1.0,
365 *           the statistically correct thing to do in this situation is
366 *           simply to iterate again.
367 *           N.B. the case X( I ) = 0.0 should not be possible.  
368             I1 = I1 + 2
369             I2 = I2 + 2
370             I3 = I3 + 2
371             I4 = I4 + 2
372             GOTO 20
373          END IF
374 *
375    10 CONTINUE
376 *
377 *     Return final value of seed
378 *
379       ISEED( 1 ) = IT1
380       ISEED( 2 ) = IT2
381       ISEED( 3 ) = IT3
382       ISEED( 4 ) = IT4
383       RETURN
384 *
385 *     End of DLARUV
386 *
387       END